腹壁可触及肿物的超声检验（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 腹尿管细菌感染A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )腹尿管细菌感染常见于腹和膀胱之间，上会毗邻腹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可常见于仅毗邻腹下。这些细菌感染可表现为无论如何无回波或较高回波。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 所示11A，腹尿管细菌感染，此细菌感染已受受到感染，实际上包含微弱回波的液体。B，腹尿管细菌感染，紧绷的细菌感染前壁产生折射伪影。

..Endometriosis阴道内膜甲状腺肿Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).十二指肠阴道内膜甲状腺肿是阴道动手术后的依然合并症，无特殊表现，但可于以前动手术的瘢痕所在位置见一均匀分布肿物，并有周期持续性的疼痛和腹痛。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 所示12 ，剖宫产脸上所在位置阴道内膜甲状腺肿

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 十二指肠血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于发病持续性呼吸困难后、喷嚏或癫痫发病后，其根本原因上会是抗凝治疗或持续性疾病疾病。由于血肿受限制于腹直肌鞘内，上会不很大，其形状根据所所在位置位置而定，在弓状本站以上，血肿常为基部，长轴呈上下顺时针，可于下方见到（所示13A）；在弓状本站以下，由于腹色带缺如，可延展横过中所本站，因此血肿表现为分锯齿状，其小得多长度毗邻横轴上。在婴幼儿十二指肠血肿可常见于腹上侧边延展（所示13B、C）。术后强磁场持续性静脉内凋亡的病者可于十二指肠动手术瘢痕周边地区见到大的血肿（所示13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 所示13A，一中所年妇女剧烈呼吸困难后腹直肌鞘血肿，左下角指引腹横筋膜。B，婴幼儿十二指肠血肿。C，一婴幼儿腹静脉附着所在位置后面的十二指肠血肿。UV，腹静脉。D，一强磁场持续性静脉内凋亡的剖宫产术后病者鼻子所在位置十二指肠血肿。

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